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MTEL History Test Answer Key
1. C: Economics is the social science that studies the production, allocation and use of goods and services. Economists research issues and analyze data to determine the most effective ways to use scarce resources to meet the needs of the greatest number of people. Because the world of the 21st century is connected in many ways, it is important to take a global view in order to truly understand how economics works.
2. B: Capitalism is a free-enterprise system where people own businesses and property and buy goods and services. Mercantilism bases the worth of the economy and the power of the government on how much gold and silver is in the treasury. In socialism the government owns large industries and provides education and health and welfare benefits. Communism is a system where the community owns all assets and resources are divided according to need.
3. D: Geography, the “mother of all sciences,” studies the earth and its human, animal and plant populations and how they interact. Curiosity about “over there” led humans to discover new places, cultures and ideas and became the building blocks of geography. Cultural geography is the study of how human culture interacts with the land. Physical geography is the study of the surface of the earth.
4. A: World history examines common patterns found in all cultures as well as why differences have evolved. To understand how man and his various societal structures developed, it is necessary to study all areas that impact that evolution. In this age of globalization, understanding how individual nations define these areas is important to developing a stable world economy and working to prevent misunderstandings between countries.
5. C: Science and technology are thinking activities concerned with causal relationships and use empirical evidence to prove or disprove a theory. Both require studies and tests that can be replicated. The two disciplines are so intertwined it is difficult to discuss one without the other. They have affected daily life in positive and negative ways and each has developed creative and destructive processes.